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We have a curated list of the most noteworthy articles from all across the globe. With any subscription plan, you get access to exclusive articles that let you stay ahead of the curve.
Civil Services Exams conducted by Union Public Service Commission. The exam is conducted in two phases:
Preliminary Test
Mains Exam including Personality Test
Preliminary Examination:
The Preliminary Examination comprising of two compulsory Papers of 200 marks each and of two hours duration each. Detailed below is the new syllabus and pattern of the Preliminary Examination, which is brought to the notice of the prospective candidates intending to appear at the Civil Services Examination (CSE) in 2011 onwards:
Paper I – (200 marks) Duration: Two hours
Current events of national and international importance
History of India and Indian National Movement
Indian and World Geography – Physical, Social, Economic geography of India and the World.
Indian Polity and Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
Economic and Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.
General issues on Environmental ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate Change – that do not require subject specialization
General Science.
Paper II- (200 marks) Duration: Two hours
Comprehension
Interpersonal skills including communication skills;
Logical reasoning and analytical ability
Decision making and problem solving
General mental ability• Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. -Class X level)
English Language Comprehension skills (Class X level).
Questions relating to English Language Comprehension skills of Class X level (last item in the Syllabus of Paper-II) will be tested through passages from English language only without providing Hindi translation thereof in the question paper.
The questions will be of multiple choice, objective type.
Mains Exam:
The written examination will consist of the following papers: Paper-I Section 1 Essay – 200 Marks Section 2 English Comprehension & English Précis – 100 Marks (Of Matriculation/ Xth standard level)Paper-II
General Studies–I – 250 Marks
(Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)
Paper-III
General Studies –II – 250 Marks
(Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations)
Paper-IV
General Studies –III – 250 Marks
(Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)
Paper-V General Studies –IV – 250 Marks
(Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude)
(1) For the Indian Administrative Service and the Indian Police Service, a candidate must be a citizen of India.
(2) For other services, a candidate must be either:—
(a) a citizen of India, or
(b) a subject of Nepal, or
(c) a subject of Bhutan, or
(d) a Tibetan refugee who came over to India before 1st January, 1962 with the intention of permanently settling in India, or
(e) a person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka, East African countries of Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia and Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India.
Provided that a candidate belonging to categories (b), (c), (d) and (e) shall be a person in whose favour a certificate of eligibility has been issued by the Government of India.
Provided further that candidates belonging to categories (b), (c) and (d) above will not be eligible for appointment to the Indian Foreign Service.
A candidate in whose case a certificate of eligibility is necessary, may be admitted to the examination but the offer of appointment may be given only after the necessary eligibility certificate has been issued to him/her by the Government of India.
(ii) Age Limits :
(a) A candidate must have attained the age of 21 years and must not have attained the age of 30 years on 1st August, 2013, i.e. he/she must have been born not earlier than 2nd August, 1983 and not later than 1st August, 1992.
(b) The upper age limit prescribed above will be relaxable :
(i) up to a maximum of five years if a candidate belongs to a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe.
(ii) up to a maximum of three years in the case of candidates belonging to Other Backward Classes who are eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates.
(iii) up to a maximum of five years if a candidate had ordinarily been domiciled in the State of Jammu & Kashmir during the period from the 1 st Jan., 1980 to the 31st day of Dec., 1989.
(iv) up to a maximum of three years in the case of Defence Services personnel disabled in operations during hostilities with any foreign country or in a disturbed area and released as a consequence thereof.
(v) up to a maximum of five years in the case of ex-servicemen including Commission Officers and ECOs/ SSCOs who have rendered at least five years Military Service as on 1st August, 2013 and have been released (i) on completion of assignment (including those whose assignment is due to be completed within one year from 1st August, 2013) otherwise than byway of dismissal or discharge on account of misconduct or inefficiency, or (ii) on account of physical disability attributable to Military Service, or (iii) on invalidment.
(vi) Up to a maximum of five years in the case of ECOs/SSCOs who have completed an initial period of assignment of five years Military Service as on 1st August, 2013 and whose assignment has been extended beyond five years and in whose case the Ministry of Defence issues a certificate that they can apply for civil employment and that they will be released on three months notice on selection from the date of receipt of offer of appointment. ‘
(vii) up to a maximum of 10 years in the case of blind, deaf-mute and orthopaedically handicapped persons.
NOTE I : Candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes and the Other Backward Classes who are also covered under any other clauses of para 3(ii) (b) above, viz. those coming under the category of Ex-servicemen, persons domiciled in the State of J&K, blind, deaf-mute and orthopaedically handicapped etc. will be eligible for grant of cumulative age-relaxation under both the categories.
NOTE II : The term ex-servicemen will apply to the persons who are defined as ex-servicemen in the Ex-servicemen (Re-employment in Civil Services and Posts) Rules, 1979, as amended from time to time.
NOTE III : The age concession under para 3(ii)(b)(v) and (vi) will not be admissible to Ex-Servicemen and Commissioned Officers including ECOs/SSCOs who are released on own request.
NOTE IV : Notwithstanding the provision of age-relaxation under para 3 (ii) (b) (vii) above, a physically disabled candidate will be considered to be eligible for appointment only if he/she (after such physical examination as the Government or appointing authority’, as the case may be, may prescribe) is found to satisfy the requirements of physical and medical standards for the concerned Services/posts to be allocated to the physically disabled candidates by the Government.
SAVE AS PROVIDED ABOVE THE AGE LIMITS PRESCRIBED CAN IN NO CASE BE RELAXED.
The date of birth accepted by the Commission is that entered in the Matriculation or Secondary School Leaving Certificate or in a certificate recognised by an Indian University as equivalent to Matriculation or in an extract from a Register of. Matriculates maintained by a University, which extract must be certified by the proper authority of the University or in the Higher Secondary or an equivalent examination certificate.
These certificates are required to be submitted only at the time of applying for the Civil Services (Main) Examination.
No other document relating to age like horoscopes, affidavits, birth extracts from Municipal Corporation, service records and the like will be accepted.
The expression Matriculation/ Secondary Examination Certificate in this part of the instruction includes the alternative certificates mentioned-above.
NOTE I : Candidates should note that only the Date of Birth as recorded in the Matriculation/Secondary Examination Certificate or an equivalent certificate as on the date of submission of applications will be accepted by the Commission and no subsequent request for its change will be considered or granted.NOTE II : Candidates should also note that once a Date of Birth has been claimed by them and entered in the records of the Commission for the purpose of admission to an examination, no change will be allowed subsequently (or at any other examination of the Commission) on any grounds whatsoever.
NOTE III : The candidate should exercise due care while entering their date of birth in column 3 of the Application Form for the Preliminary Examination. If on verification at any subsequent stage, any variation is found in their date of birth from the one entered in their matriculation or equivalent Examination certificate, disciplinary action will be taken against them by the Commission under the Rules.
(iii) Minimum Educational Qualifications:
The candidate must hold a degree of any of Universities incorporated by an Act of the Central or State Legislature in India or other educational institutions established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as a University Under Section-3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956, or possess an equivalent qualification.
NOTE I : Candidates who have appeared at an examination the passing of which would render them educationally qualified for the Commission’s examination but have not been informed of the results as also the candidates who intend to appear at such a qualifying examination will also be eligible for admission to the Preliminary Examination. All candidates who are declared qualified by the Commission for taking the Civil Services (Main) Examination will be required to produce proof of passing the requisite examination with their application for the Main Examination failing which such candidates will not be admitted to the Main Examination. The applications for the Main Examination will be called sometime in the month of August/ September, 2013.
NOTE II : In exceptional cases the Union Public Service Commission may treat a candidate who has not any of che foregoing qualifications as a qualified candidate provided that he/she has passed examination conducted by the
other Institutions, the standard of which in the opinion of the Commission justifies his/her admission to the examination.
NOTE III : Candidates possessing professional and technical qualifications which are recognised by Government as equivalent to professional and technical degree would also be eligible for admission to the examination.
NOTE IV : Candidates who have passed the final professional M.B.B.S. or any other Medical Examination but have not completed their internship by the time of submission of their applications for the Civil Services (Main) Examination, will be provisionally admitted to the Examination provided they submit along with their application a copy of certificate from the concerned authority of the University/ Institution that they had passed the requisite final professional medical examination. In such cases, the candidates will be required to produce at the time of their interview original Degree or a certificate from the concerned competent authority of the University/Institution that they had completed all requirements (including completion of internship) for the award of the Degree.
(iv) Number of attempts :
Every candidate appearing at the examination, who is otherwise eligible, shall be permitted four attempts at the examination.
Provided that this restriction on the number of attempts will not apply in the case of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes candidates who are otherwise eligible.
Provided further that the number of attempts permissible to candidates belonging to Other Backward Classes, who are otherwise eligible shall be seven. The relaxation will be available to the candidates who are eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates.
Provided further that a physically handicapped will get as many attempts as are available to other non-physically handicapped candidates of his or her community, subject to the condition that a physically handicapped candidate belonging to the General Category shall be eligible for seven attempts. The relaxation will be available to the physically handicapped candidates who are eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates.
NOTE :
(i) An attempt at a Preliminary Examination shall be deemed to be an attempt at the Examination.
(ii) If a candidate actually appears in any one paper in the Preliminary Examination, he/she shall be deemed
to have made an attempt at the Examination.
(iii) Notwithstanding the disqualification/cancellation of candidature, the fact of appearance of the candidate at the examination will count as an attempt.
(iv) Restrictions on applying for the examination :
A candidate who is appointed to the Indian Administrative Service or the Indian Foreign Service on the results of an earlier examination and continues to be a member of that service will not be eligible to compete at this examination.
In case such a candidate is appointed to the IAS/IFS after the Preliminary Examination of Civil Services Examination, 2013 is over and he/she continues to be a member of that service, he/she shall not be eligible to appear in the Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2013 notwithstanding his/her having qualified in the Preliminary Examination, 2013.
Also provided that if such a candidate is appointed to IAS/IFS after the commencement of the Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2013 but before the result thereof and continues to be a member of that service, he/she shall not be considered for appointment to any service/post on the basis of the result of this examination viz. Civil Services Examination, 2013.
(v) Physical Standards :
Candidates must be physically fit
according to physical standards for admission to Civil Services Examination, 2013 as per guidelines given in Appendix-Ill of Rules for Examination published in the Gazette of India Extraordinary dated 5th March, 2013.
4. FEE:
(a) Candidates (excepting Female/SC/ ST/PH Candidates who are exempted from payment of fee) are required to pay fee of Rs. 100/- (Rupees Hundred only) either by remitting the money in any Branch of SBI by Cash, or by using net banking facility of State Bank of India/ State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur/ Sate Bank of Hyderabad/State Bank of Mysore/ State Bank of Patiala /State Bank of Travancore or by using Visa/ Master Credit/Debit Card.
(b) For the applicants in whose case payments details have not been received from the bank they will be treated as fictitious payment cases and a list of all such applicants shall be made available on the Commission website within two weeks after the last day of submission of online application. These applicants shall also be intimated through e-mail to submit copy of proof of their payment to the Commission ataddress mentioned in the e-mail. The applicant shall be required to submit the proof within 10 days from the date of such communication either by hand or by speed post to the Commission. In case, no response is received from the applicants their applications shall be summarily rejected and no further correspondence shall be entertained in this regard.
All female candidates and candidates belonging Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe/Physically Handicapped categories are exempted from payment of fee. No fee exemption is, however, available to OBC candidates and they are required to pay the prescribed fee in full.
Physically disabled persons are exempted from the payment of fee provided they are otherwise eligible for appointment to the Services/Posts to be filled on the results of this examination on the basis of the standards of medical fitness for these Services/Posts (including any concessions specifically extended to the physically disabled). A physically disabled candidate claiming fee concession will be required by the Commission to submit along with their Detailed Application Form, a certified copy of the certificate from a Government Hospital/Medical Board in support of his/her claim for being physically disabled.
NOTE : Notwithstanding the aforesaid provision for fee exemption, a physically disabled candidate will be considered to be eligible for appointment only if he/she (after such physical examination as the Government or the Appointing Authority, as the case may be, may prescribe) is found to satisfy the requirements of physical and medical standards for the concerned Services/Posts to be allocated to physically disabled candidates by the Government.
NOTE I : APPLICATIONS NOT ACCOMPANIED BY THE PRESCRIBED FEE (UNLESS REMISSION OF FEE IS CLAIMED) SHALL BE SUMMARILY REJECTED.
NOTE II : Fee once paid shall not be refunded under any circumstances nor can the fee be held in reserve for any other examination or selection.
NOTE III : If any candidate who took the Civil Services Examination held in 2012 wishes to apply for admission to this examination, he/she must submit his/her application without waiting for the results or an offer of appointment.
NOTE IV : Candidates admitted to the Main Examination will be required to pay a further fee of Rs. 200/- (Rupees Two hundreds only).
5. HOW TO APPLY :
(a) Candidates are required to apply online using the website http://www.upsconline.nic.in Detailed instructions for filling up online applications are available on the above mentioned website.
The applicants are advised to submit only single application; however, if due to any unavoidable situation, if he/she submits another/multiple applications, then he/she must ensure that application with the higher RID is complete in all respects like applicants’ details, examination centre, photograph, signature, fee etc. The applicants who are submitting multiple applications should note that only the applications with higher RID (Registration ID) shall be entertained by the Commission and fee paid against one RID shall not be adjusted against any other RID.
(b) All candidates, whether already in Government Service, Government owned industrial undertakings or other similar organisations or in private employment should submit their applications direct to the Commission.
Persons already in Government Service, whether in a permanent or temporary capacity or as workcharged employees other than casual or daily rated employees or those serving under the Public Enterprises are however, required to submit an undertaking that they have informed in writing their Head of Office/Department that they have applied for the Examination.
Candidates should note that in case^a communication is received from their employer by the Commission withholding permission to the candidates applying for/appearing at the examination, their application will be liable to be rejected/candidature will be liable to be cancelled.
NOTE 1 :
While filling in his/her Application Form, the candidate should carefully decide about his/her choice of centre for the Examination.
If any candidate appears at a centre other than the one indicated by the Commission in his/her Admission Certificate, the papers of such a candidate will not be evaluated and his/ her candidature will be liable to cancellation.
NOTE 2:
Candidates are not required to submit along with their applications any certificate in support of their claims regarding Age, Educational Qualifications, Scheduled Castes/ Scheduled Tribes/Other Backward Classes and Physically disabled etc. which will be verified at the time of the Main examination only. The candidates
applying for the examination should ensure that they fulfil all the eligibility conditions for admission to the Examination. Their admission at all the stages of examination for which they are admitted by the Commission viz. Preliminary Examination, Main (Written) Examination and Interview Test will be purely provisional, subject to their satisfying the prescribed eligibility conditions. If on verification at any time before or after the Preliminary Examination, Main (written) Examination and Interview Test, it is found that they do not fulfil any of the eligibility conditions, their candidature for the examination will be cancelled by the Commission.
If any of their claims is found to be incorrect, they may render themselves liable to disciplinary action by the Commission in terms of Rule 14 of the Rules for the Civil Services Examination, 2013 reproduced below :
A candidate who is or has been declared by the Commission to be guilty of:
(i) Obtaining support for his/her candidature by the following means, namely:-
(a) offering illegal gratification to, or
(b) applying pressure on, or
(c) blackmailing, or threatening to blackmail any person connected with the conduct of the examination, or
(ii) impersonating, or
(iii) procuring impersonation by any person, or
(iv) submitting fabricated documents or documents which have been tampered with, or
(v) making statements which are incorrect or false or suppressing material information, or
(vi) resorting to the following means in connection with his/her candidature for the examination, Namely
(a) obtaining copy of question paper through improper means,
(b) finding out the particulars of the persons connected with secret work relating to the examination.
(c) influencing the examiners, or
(vii) using unfair means during the examination, or
(viii) writing obscene matter or drawing obscene sketches in the scripts, or
(ix) misbehaving in the examination hall including tearing of the scripts, provoking fellow examinees to boycott examination, creating a disorderly scene and the like, or
(x) harassing or doing bodily harm to the staff employed by the Commission for the conduct of their examinations, or
(xi) being in possession of or using mobile phone, pager or any electronic equipment or device or any other equipment capable of being used as a communication device during the examination; or
(xii) violating any of the instructions issued to candidates along with their Admission Certificates permitting them to take the examination, or
(xiii) attempting to commit or as the case may be abetting the Commission of all or any of the acts specified in the foregoing clauses; may in addition to rendering himself/herself liable to criminal prosecution, be liable;
(a) to be disqualified by the Commission from the examination for which he/she is a candidate and/or
(b) to be debarred either permanently or for a specified period
(i) by the Commission from any examination or selection held by them;
(ii) by the Central Government from any employment under them; and
(c) if he/she is already in service under Government to disciplinary action under the appropriate Rules.
Provided that no penalty under this Rules shall be imposed except after
(i) giving the candidate an opportunity of making such representation, in writing as he/she may wish to make in that behalf; and
(ii) taking the representation, if any, submitted by the candidate within the period allowed to him/her into consideration.
6. LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS :
The Online Applications can be filled up to 4th April, 2013 till 11.59 pm after which the link will be disabled.
7. CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE COMMISSION :
The Commission will not enter into any correspondence with the candidates about their candidature except in the following cases:
(i) The eligible candidates shall be issued an e-Admission Certificate three weeks before the commencement of the examination. The e-Admission Certificate will be made available on the UPSC website [www.upsc.gov.in] for downloading by candidates. No Admission Certificate will be sent by post. If a candidate does not receive his e-Admission Certificate or any other communication regarding his/her candidature for the examination three weeks before the commencement of the examination, he/she should at once contact the Commission. Information in this regard can also be obtained from the Facilitation Counter located in the Commission’s Office either in person or
over phone Nos. 011-23381125/011-23385271/011-23098543. In case no communication is received in the Commission’s Office from the candidate regarding non-receipt of his/her Admission Certificate at least 3 weeks before the examination, he/she himself/ herself will be solely responsible for non-receipt of his/her Admission Certificate.
No candidate will ordinarily be allowed to take the examination unless he/she holds a certificate of admission for the examination. On downloading of e-Admission Certificate, check it carefully and bring discrepancies/errors, if any, to the notice of UPSC immediately.
The candidates should note that their admission to the examination will be purely provisional based on the information given by them in the Application Form. This will be subject to verification of all the eligibility conditions by the UPSC.
The mere fact that a certificate of admission to the Examination has been issued to a candidate, will not imply that his/her candidature has been finally cleared by the Commission or that entries made by the candidate in his/ her application for the Preliminary examination have been accepted by the Commission as true and correct. Candidates may note that the Commission takes up the verification of eligibility conditions of a candidate, with reference to original documents, only after the candidate has qualified for Civil Services (Main) Examination. Unless candidature is formally confirmed by the Commission, it continues to be provisional.
The decision of the Commission as to the eligibility or otherwise of a candidate for admission to the Examination shall be final. Candidates should note that the name in the Admission Certificate in some cases, may be abbreviated due to technical reasons.
(ii) In the event of a candidate downloading more than one Admission Certificate from the Commission’s website, he/she should use only one of these Admission Certificates for appearing in the examination and report about the other(s) to the Commission’s Office.
(iii) Candidates are informed that as the Preliminary Examination is only a screening test, no marks sheets will be supplied to successful or unsuccessful candidates and no correspondence will be entertained by the Commission, in this regard.
(iv) If a candidate receives an e-Admission Certificate in respect of some
other candidate the same should be immediately returned to the Commission with a request to issue the correct e-Admission Certificate. Candidates may note that they will not be allowed to take the examination on the strength of an Admission Certificate issued in respect of another candidate.
(v) Candidates must ensure that their e-mail IDs given in their online applications are valid and active.
IMPORTANT : ALL COMMUNICATIONS TO THE COMMISSION SHOULD INVARIABLY CONTAIN THE FOLLOWING PARTICULARS:
1. NAME AND YEAR OF THE EXAMINATION.
2. Registration ID (RID)
3. ROLL NUMBER (IF RECEIVED).
4. NAME OF CANDIDATE (IN FULL AND IN BLOCK LETTERS).
5. COMPLETE POSTAL ADDRESS AS GIVEN IN THE APPLICATION.
N.B. I. COMMUNICATION NOT CONTAINING THE ABOVE PARTICULARS MAY NOT BE ATTENDED TO.
N.B. II. CANDIDATES SHOULD ALSO NOTE DOWN THEIR RID NUMBER FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. THEY MAY BE REQUIRED TO INDICATE THE SAME IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR CANDIDATURE FOR THE CIVIL SERVICES (MAIN) EXAM.
8. The eligibility for availing reservation against the vacancies reserved for the physically disabled persons shall be the same as prescribed in “The Persons with Disability (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995.” Provided further that the physically disabled candidates shall also be required to meet special eligibility criteria in terms of physical requirements/functional classification (abilities/disabilities) consistent with requirements of the identified Service/Post as may be prescribed by its Cadre Controlling Authority at note-II of para 1 of this Notice.
The physical requirement and functional classification can for example be one or more of the following:
Code Physical Requirements MF 1. Work performed by Manipulation by Fingers PP 2. Work Performed by Pulling & Pushing L 3. Work Performed by Lifting KC 4. Work Performed by Kneeling and Crouching BN 5. Work Performed by Bending S 6. Work Performed by Sitting (on bench or chair)
ST 7. Work Performed by Standing
W 8. Work Performed by Walking
SE 9. Work Performed by Seeing
H 10. Work Performed by Hearing/
Speaking
RW 11. Work Performed by Reading and Writing C 12. Communication Code FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION BL 1. Both legs affected but not arms
BA 2. Both arms affected
a. impaired Reach
b. weakness of Grip
c. ataxic
BLA3. Both legs and both arms affected.
OL 4. One leg affected (R or L)
a. impaired reach
b. weakness of grip
c. ataxic
OA 5. One arm affected (R or L)
a. impaired reach
b. weakness of grip
c. ataxic
OAL6. Qne arm and one leg affected MW 7. Muscular weakness.
B 8. Blind LV 9. Low vision H 10. Hearing
Note : The above list is subject to revision.
9. A candidate will be eligible to get the benefit of community reservation only in case the particular caste to which the candidates belong is included in the list of reserved communities issued by the Central Government. If a candidate indicates in his/her application form for Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination that he/she belongs to General category but subsequently writes to the Commission to change his/her category to a reserved one, such request shall not be entertained by the Commission. Similar principle will be followed for physically disabled categories also.
While the above principle will be followed in general, there may be a few cases where there was a little gap (say 2-3 months) between the issuance of a Government Notification enlisting a particular community in the list of any of the reserved communities and the date of submission of the application by the candidate. In such cases the request of change of community from general to reserved may be considered by the Commission on merit. In case of a candidate unfortunately becoming physically disabled during the course of the examination, the candidate should produce valid documents to enable the Commission to take a decision in the matter on merit.
10. The closing date fixed for the receipt of the application will be treated as the date for determining the OBC status (including that of creamy layer) of the candidate.
11. WITHDRAWAL OF
APPLICATIONS:
NO REQUEST FOR
WITHDRAWAL OF CANDIDATURE RECEIVED FROM A CANDIDATE AFTER HE/SHE HAS SUBMITTED HIS/HER APPLICATION WILL BE ENTERTAINED UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES.
APPENDIX-I Section-I PLAN OF EXAMINATION
1. The competitive examination comprises two successive stages:
(i) Civil Services (Preliminary) Examinations (Objective Type) for the selection of candidates for Main Examination; and
(ii) Civil Services (Main) Examination (Written and Interview) for the selection of candidates for the various services and posts.
2. The preliminary Examination will consist of two papers of Objective type (multiple choice questions) and carry a maximum of 400 marks in the subjects set out in sub-section (A) of Section II. This examination is meant to serve as a screening test only; the marks obtained in the Preliminary Examination by the candidates who are declared qualified for admission to the Main Examination will not be counted for determining their final order of merit. The number of Candidates to be admitted to the Main Examination will be about twelve to thirteen times the total approximate number of vacancies to be filled in the year through this examination. Only those candidates who are declared by the Commission to have qualified in the Preliminary Examination in the year will be eligible for admission to the Main Examination of that year provided they are otherwise eligible for admission, to the Main Examination.
Note I : The Commission will draw a list of candidates to be qualified for Civil Services (Main) Examination based on the total qualifying marks as may be determined by the Commission, of the two papers put together.
Note II : There will be negative marking for incorrect answers (as detailed below) for all questions except some of the questions where the negative marking will be inbuilt in the form of different marks being awarded to the most appropriate and not so appropriate answer for such questions.
(i) There are four alternatives for the answers to every question. For each question for which a wrong answer has
been given by the candidate, one-third (0.33) of the marks assigned to that question will be deducted as penalty.
(ii) If a candidate gives more than one answer, it will be treated as a wrong answer even if one of the given answers happens to be correct and there will be same penalty as above for that question.
(iii) If a question is left blank, i.e. no answer is given by the candidate, there will be no penalty for that question.
3. The Main Examination will consist of written examination and an interview test. The written examination will consist of 9 papers of conventional essay type in the subjects set out in sub-section (B) of Section II out of which two papers will be of qualifying in nature. Also see Note (ii) under Para I of Section II (B). Marks obtained for all the compulsory papers (Paper-I to Paper-VII) and marks obtained in Interview for Personality Test will be counted for ranking.
4. Candidates who obtain such minimum qualifying marks in the written part of the Main Examination as may be fixed by the Commission at their discretion, shall be summoned by them for an interview for a Personality Test, vide sub-section ‘C’ of Section II. The number of candidates to be summoned for interview will be about twice the number of vacancies to be filled. The interview will carry 275 marks (with no minimum qualifying marks).
Marks thus obtained by the candidates in the Main Examination (written part as well as interview) would determine their final ranking. Candidates will be allotted to the various services keeping in view their ranks in the Examination and the preferences expressed by them for the various services and posts.
Section-II
Scheme and subjects for the Preliminary and Main Examinations
A. Preliminary Examination
The Examination shall comprise two compulsory papers of 200 marks each. NOTE:
(i) Both the question papers will be of the objective type (multiple choice questions).
(ii) The question papers will be set both in Hindi and English. However, questions relating to English Language Comprehension skills of Class-X level will be tested through passages from English Language only without providing Hindi translation thereof in the question paper.
(iii) Details of the syllabi are indicated in Part A of Section-Ill.
(iv) Each paper will be of two hours duration. Blind candidates will however be allowed an extra time of twenty minutes at each paper.
B. Main Examination
The written examination will consist of the following papers:
Paper-A 300 Marks
(One of the Indian Languages to be selected by the candidate from the Languages included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution)
Paper-B
English
Paper-I
Essay
Paper-II
General Studies—I 250 Marks
(Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)
Paper-Ill
General Studies—II 250 Marks
(Governance, Constitution,
Polity, Social Justice and International relations)
Paper-IV General Studies-III 250 Marks
(Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)
Paper-V
General Srudies-IY 250 Marks
(Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude’;
Paper-VI
Optional Subject-Paper 1
Paper-VII Optional Subject-Paper 2
Sub Total (Written Test)
1750 Marks
Personality Test 275 Marks
Grand Total
Candidates may choose any one of the optional subjects from amongst the list of subjects given in para 2 below :
NOTE:
(i) The papers on Indian Languages nd English (Paper A and Paper B) ill be of Matriculation or equivalent tandard and will be of qualifying ature. The marks obtained in ese papers will not be counted for king.
(ii) Evaluation of the papers, namely, Essay’, ‘General Studies’ and Optional Subject of all the candidates would be done simultaneously along with evaluation of their qualifying papers on ‘Indian Languages’ and ‘English’ but the papers on ‘Essay’, General Studies and Optional Subject of only such candidates will be taken cognizance of who attain such minimum standard as may be fixed by Commission at their discretion for the qualifying papers on ‘Indian Language’ and ‘English’.
(iii) The paper A on Indian Language will not, however, be compulsory for candidates hailing from the States of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Sikkim.
(iv) Marks obtained by the candidates for the Paper I-VII only will be counted for merit ranking. However, the Commission will have the discretion to fix qualifying marks in any or all of these papers.
(v) For the Language medium/ literature of languages, the scripts to be used by the candidates will be as under:-
Language Script
Assamese Assamese
Bengal? Bengali
Gujarati Gujarati
Hindi Devanagari
Kannada Kannada
Kashmiri Persian
Konkani Devanagari
Malayalam Malayalam
Manipuri Bengali
Marathi Devanagari
Nepali Devanagari
Oriya Oriya
Punjabi Gurumukhi
Sanskrit Devanagari
Sindhi Devanagari or Arabic
Tamil Tamil
Telugu Telugu
Urdu Persian
Bodo Devanagari
Dogri Devanagari
Maithilli Devanagari
Santhali Devanagari or Olchiki
Note : For Santhali language, question paper will be printed in Devanagari script; but candidates will be free to answer either in Devanagari script or in Olchiki.
2. List of Optional subjects for Main Examination:
Group-1
(i) Agriculture
(ii) Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science
(iii) Anthropology
(iv) Botany
(v) Chemistry
(vi) Civil Engineering
(vii) Commerce and Accountancy
(viii) Economics
(ix) Electrical Engineering
(x) Geography
(xi) Geology
(xii) History
(xiii) Law
(xiv) Management
(xv) Mathematics
(xvi) Mechanical Engineering
(xvii) Medical Science
(xviii) Philosophy
(xix) Physics
(xx) Political Science and International Relations
(xxi) Psychology
(xxii) Public Administration
(xxiii) Sociology
(xxiv) Statistics
(xxv) Zoology
(xxvi) Literature of any one of the following languages:
(i) The question papers for the examination will be of conventional (essay) type.
(ii) Each paper will be of three hours duration.
(iii) Candidates will have the option to answer all the question papers, except the Qualifying Language papers, Paper- A and Paper-B, in any of the languages included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India or in English.
(iv) Candidates exercising the option to answer Papers in any one of the languages mentioned above may, if they so desire, give English version within brackets of only the description of the technical terms, if any, in addition to the version in the language opted by them. Candidates should, however, note that if they misuse the above rule, a deduction will be made on this account from the total marks otherwise accruing to them and in extreme cases; their script(s) will not be valued for being in an unauthorized medium.
(v) The question papers (other than the literature of language papers) will be set in Hindi and English only.
(vi) The details of the syllabi are set out in Part B of Section-Ill.
General Instructions (Preliminary as well as Main Examination):
(i) Candidates must write the papers in their own hand. In no circumstances, will they be allowed the help of a scribe to write the answers for them. However, blind candidates will be allowed to write the examination with the help of a scribe. Blind candidates will also be allowed an extra time at each paper @ ten minutes per hour.
(ii) An extra time of twenty minutes per hour shall be permitted for the candidates with locomotor disability and cerebral palsy where dominant (writing) extremity is affected to the extent of slowing the performance of function (minimum of 40% impairment) in the Civil Services (Main) Examination only. However, no scribe shall be permitted to such candidates.
NOTE 1: The eligibility conditions of a scribe, his/her conduct inside the examination hall and the manner in which and extent to which he/she can help the blind candidate in writing the Civil Services Examination shall be governed by the instructions issued by the UPSC in this regard. Violation of all or any of the said instructions shall entail the cancellation of the candidature of the blind candidate in addition to any other action that the UPSC may take against the scribe.
NOTE 2: For purpose of these rules the candidate shall be deemed to be a blind candidate if the percentage of visual impairment is 40% or more. The criteria for determining the percentage of visual impairment shall be as follows :
All with Percentage
corrections
Better eye Worse eye
Category 0 6/9-6/18 6/24 to 6/36 20%
Category I 6/18-6/36 6/60 to nil 40%
Category II 6/60-4/60 3/60 to nil 75%
or field of vision 10-20°
Category III 3/60-1/60 F.C. at 1 ft 100% or field of to nil vision 10°
Category IV FC. at 1 ft F.C. at 1 ft 100% to nil field nil field of of vision vision 100°
100°
One eyed 6/6 F.C. at 1 ft 30%
person to nil
NOTE 3 : For availing of the concession admissible to a blind candidate, the candidate concerned shall produce a certificate in the prescribed proforma from a Medical Board constituted by the Central/ State Governments along with his application for the Main Examination.
NOTE 4 : (i) The concession admissible to blind candidates shall not be admissible to those suffering from Myopia.
(ii) The Commission have discretion to fix qualifying marks in any or all the subjects of the examination.
(iii) If a candidate’s handwriting is not easily legible, a deduction will be made on this account from the total marks otherwise accruing to him.
(iv) Marks will not be allotted for mere superficial knowledge.
(v) Credit will be given for orderly, effective and exact expression combined with due economy of w’ords in all subjects of the examination.
(vi) In the question papers, wherever required, SI units will be used.
(vii) Candidates should use only international form of Indian numerals (i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 etc.) while answering question papers.
(viii) Candidates will be allowed the use of Scientific (Non-Programmable type) Calculators at the conventional (Essay) type examination of UPSC. Programmable type calculators will however not be allowed and the use of such calculators shall tantamount to resorting to unfair means by the candidates. Loaning or interchanging of calculators in the Examination Hall is not permitted.
It is also important to note that candidates are not permitted to use calculators for answering objective type papers (Test Booklets). They should not therefore, bring the same inside the Examination Hall.
C. Interview Test
1. The candidate will be interviewed by a Board who will have before them a record of his/her career. He/she will be asked questions on matters of general interest. The object of the interview is to assess the personal suitability of the candidate for a career in public service by a Board of competent and unbiased observers! The test is intended to judge the mental calibre of a candidate. In broad terms this is really an assessment of not only his/her intellectual qualities but also social traits and his/her interest in current affairs. Some of the qualities to be judged are mental alertness, critical powers of assimilation, clear and logical exposition, balance of judgement, variety and depth of interest, ability for social cohesion and leadership, intellectual and moral integrity.
2. The technique of the interview is not that of a strict cross-examination but of a natural, though directed and purposive conversation which is intended to reveal the mental qualities of the candidate.
3. The interview test is not intended to be a test either of the specialised or general knowledge of the candidates which has been already tested through their written papers. Candidates are expected to have taken an intelligent interest not only in their special subjects of academic study but also in the events which are happening around them both within and outside their own state or country as well as in modern currents of thought and in
new discoveries which should rouse the curiosity of well educated youth.
Section-Ill SYLLABI FOR THE EXAMINATION
NOTE : Candidates are advised to go through the Syllabus published in this Section for the Preliminary Examination and the Main Examination, as periodic revision of syllabus has been done in several subjects.
PART-A PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION Paper I (200 marks)
Duration : Two hours
• Current events of national and international importance.
• History of India and Indian National Movement.
• Indian and World Geography -Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World.
• Indian Polity and Governance -Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
• Economic and Social Development Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector initiatives, etc.
• General issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate Change – that do not require subject specialization.
• General Science.
Paper II (200 marks) Duration: Two hours
• Comprehension
• Interpersonal skills including communication skills
• Logical reasoning and analytical ability
• Decision-making and problem solving
• General mental ability
• Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. – Class X level)
• English Language Comprehension skills (Class X level).
Note 1: Questions relating to English Language Comprehension skills of Class X level (last item in the Syllabus of Paper-II) will be tested through passages from English language only without providing Hindi translation thereof in the question paper.
Note 2 : The questions will be of multiple choice, objective type.
M Anil Kumar Jaiswal is a young man of good height who looks smart and well-groomed in his well-tailored and perfectly fitting dark blue colour suit, light blue shirt, striped blue and white tie and shiny polished black high shoes. The high-heeled shoes adding to his height make him appear quite tall. He has a thick growth of black hair which he keeps somewhat long but it is well-combed and shampooed. He also sports a thin and properly trimmed
He also sports a thin and properly trimmed moustache and sideburns on his smooth shaven face. His firm steps, deliberate movements and Straight back radiate confidence on his part. He enjoys a smiling and warm disposition and his lively blue eyes indicate friendship and optimism. One is able to perceive in his general appearance the keenness and enthusiasm underlying his personality’. He is completely at ease in meeting, mixing and conversing with others, be they strangers or friends.
He shakes hands firmly with men and greets the ladies with a cordial ‘namaste’ while introducing himself. His jovial and carefree attitude is reflected when he heartily laughs enjoying the jokes cracked by others. When summoned for the interview, he takes leave of his friends in a cordial manner and walks briskly towards the interview room. Before walking into the room, he gendy knocks at the door and waits for a few seconds to conform to the etiquette and obtain the customary permission.
After entering the room, he gently closes the door and then proceeds towards the Chairman and Members of the Board seated behind a semi-circular desk. He comes to a sharp halt on nearing the chair meant for the candidate, clicks his heels to smart attention as taught in the NCC and greets the Board in a cheerful and audible voice.
Tips:When the time for your interview approaches, focus solely on your strong points, building up yourself, physically, mentally and emotionally, to that frame of mind that could impress upon the Interview Board with those qualities they look for in people who need to execute the policies of the Government. And they may look beyond the humdrum for such qualities as initiative and improvisation that prove assets in overcoming crises of extraordinary proportions.
The Interview Jaiswal: Good morning to you all, Sirs.
Chairman: Good morning Mr. Jaiswal. Please take your seat. (He indicates the chair meant for the candidate.)
Jaiswal: Thank you, Sir. (He sits down on the chair and remains in attention position while seated. He stays erect, head held high and his back resting against the back-rest of the chair. His legs are crossed and feet pulled in. His hands are joined together and rest on his knees. Overall, he presents the appearance of being fully relaxed while remaining alive to his surroundings. He looks up to the Chairman and Members with interest and keenness awaiting their questions or further observations.)
Chairman: Are you a regular reader of newspapers and periodicals ? Which are your favourite ones ?
Jaiswal: My father subscribes to the The Hindu and I have become its regular
reader. Our neighbour subscribes to the Indian Express and we have an arrangement to exchange our papers. Thus I get the opportunity to glance through the Indian Express also. As for magazines, we buy Competition Success Review, India Today and The Outlook. We are also subscribers of the Reader’s Digest and Bhavan’s Journal. Occasionally, we buy other magazines. Of course, in the college library I have been going through the Time magazine and other foreign magazines.
Chairman: How deeply you go into these newspapers and periodicals ? Do you read all the news, articles, editorials and so on appearing in them ?
Jaiswal: Well, Sir, to be frank, I must say that I do not read all the news, articles, editorials, etc. For one thing, I do not get that much of time. Secondly, I do not find them all very interesting or appealing. Generally, I glance through the headlines and topic headings and if something appeals to me then I go through it in depth.
Chairman: Can you mention some topics or news which generally are of interest to you and which you are tempted to read fully ?
Jaiswal: (With a smile) It all depends, Sir, as to what are the relevant topics or news of the day. By and large, I glance through the headlines, the editorials, the special articles in the centre page and the sports news. Recently, nothing has made people think globally more than North Korea’s brandishing of its nuclear deterrent over the last many weeks. Actually North Korea has been doing so just to consolidate Kim II Un’s ascent to power in Pyongyang. As we know very well that Seoul is situated just 40 km South of the demilitarised zone dividing the two Koreas, North Korea’s recent pronouncements have generated a violent reaction in South Korea. Since the end of the Korean War in 1953,South Korea has an alliance relationship with the United States and it has been anathema to the Kim dynasty. If we delve deep, we will find that there is method in Pyongyang’s unscrupulous behaviour relating to its flourishing nuclear deterrent. It was one of the earliest objects of nuclear terror by the US. This took place during the Korean War (1950-53). China had forced the American troops to retreat after reaching the Yalu river. Then a planning exercise was undertaken by the US in Japan to launch a nuclear strike against North Korea in the event of certain scenarios. Various exercises simulated the activities involved in a nuclear attack like weapons assembly, loading onto aircraft, and ground control of air sorties. It is not therefore surprising that Pyongyang was driven mad by the US over flights by B-52 and B-2 bombers over the Korean peninsula, since they evoked memories of past intimidation.
Chairman: Do you think that South Korea has prepared itself for any unpredictable action of North Korea ?
Jaiswal: Yes Sir. In this surcharged atmosphere, an influential South Korean leader, Mr. M.J. Chung has expressed the opinion that South Korea should follow the India-Pakistan example or the case of Israel. In case it has to face extraordinary threat to national security,South Korea should exercise the right to withdraw from Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty as stipulated in Article 10 of NPT. Then, South Korea would match North Korea’s nuclear progress step by step while committing to stop, if North Korea stops. Mr. Chung expressed this view in Washington during the annual conference of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, which is attended by mediapersons, scholars and practitioners from across the globe. It is pertinent to mention here that the basic theme of such conferences is nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation. In fact, advancing the cause of proliferation by South Korea and its entry into Nuclear Club took everybody by surprise. The US, however, strongly disapproved any idea of South Korea going nuclear.
First Member: An expert has suggested that since most Indian States share an international boundary, they need to be engaged and consulted on external affairs that affect them. What is your view in this regard ?
Jaiswal: Sir, to my mind the expert referred to by you is correct, because except a few States like Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh, all Indian States share borders with some country or the other or win the international waters of the sea. In view of this fact, they have interests or issues that may intersect with the foreign and security policies of the country. For example, hue and cry about the plight of Sri Lankan Tamils in Tamil Nadu has generated a lot of alarm in New Delhi, because of the manner in which political issues in a State have begun impinging on India’s foreign and security policies. The withdrawal of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) from the United Progressive Alliance government could be seen as being part of the rough and tumble of coalition politics. The DMK or All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) which has joined the fray are only a more extreme manifestation of a trend we have been witnessing recently in India where coalition constituents and States are bringing foreign and security issues to the bargaining table. One instance of this “State-first” approach took place when West Bengal Chief Minister and then, UPA coalition partner, Ms. Mamata Banerjee, opposed the river waters agreement with Bangladesh. In September 2011, on the eve of Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh’s visit to Dhaka, the Union Government was compelled to call off the signing of a pact that could have ratified a formula
for sharing the waters of the Teesta with Bangladesh. Similarly, in Gujarat, the boundary between India and Pakistan on Sir Creek remains disputed and as a result, the maritime boundary between the two countries has yet to be finalised. In a letter to the PM, Gujarat Chief Minister Mr. Narendra Modi wrote that not only should India not hand over the Creek to Pakistan, it should stop any dialogue with Islamabad on the issue.
First Member: Do you agree with the expert that the States should be consulted before taking decisions relating to foreign policy ?
Jaiswal: Of course, Sir. Of late, we have seen how the politics of Kerala has impinged on a foreign affairs issue relating to two Italian marines. Then, there is the example of Jammu and Kashmir which still complains about the insignificant importance it got on the matter of river waters when the Union Government signed the Indus Waters Treaty with Pakistan. So far as waters are concerned, the Chief Ministers of Bihar and Assam also have important issues that encroach on our relations with Nepal and China, respectively.
Comments: The candidate has an excellent grasp over this very complex and critical problem. He approaches the problem in an objective manner, analysing the developments factually, logically and rationally. He views the various issues in their correct perspective and draws valid conclusions. He is able to think clearly and decide dispassionately.. His answer shows that he is bold and willing to take risks. He can grapple with complex situations with competence in a constructive manner.
Second Member: The extremist violence is reported every now and then from many parts of the country. Whatever steps taken by the authorities so far have failed to resolve the problem. How do you think we can overcome this grave threat to our national unity ?
Jaiswal: Though violence in India is often foreign sponsored, there is not any one factor that can be held responsible for every act of violence. Language, religion, caste and such divisive factors militate against the unity and integrity’ of the nation. The longer we have linguistic States, the stronger will grow the separatist attitude. We should, therefore, revert to the earlier pattern of multilingual, multireligious and multi-caste States. Secondly, backwardness, ignorance, poverty, unemployment, exploitation and such social and economic factors lead to such agitations. Priority should be given to tackle them rather than wasting our energy and resources on such issues like prohibition, cow protection, propagation of Hindi and so on. In fact, the English language has served as a major unifying factor and we should not be in a hurry to get rid of it. By using the mass media we should educate our people to overcome their caste, communal and religious narrow-mindedness. I will also recommend that law and order and education should be made Central subjects. It will help in the unification of the country. Further, we should stop tampering with the Civil Services, Judiciary and the police. Another drastic measure is the switch over to the presidential system of government. Otherwise, when and if things go out of control, authoritarianism may replace democracy as had happened in many. other countries.
Third Member: What you are suggesting goes completely against increasing of State autonomy. Don’t you feel that we can have a strong Centre only when the States are also strong and powerful ?
Jaiswal: To my mind, Sir, the time is not ripe to have strong and powerful States in our country today. I had already explained that we can consider devolution of greater autonomy to the States only when we have multilingual States as we had during the British rule in India. The cry for ‘sons of the soil’ orientation in each State will disappear as soon as we have multilingual States. Another important factor to which we must pay attention relates to further decentralisation of powers from the States or State capitals to districts, municipalities, panchayats and so on. Thus, actual bulk of the local problems should be solved locally by the population inhabiting the area. They should be involved in all aspects of the administration of the locality, its development and progress. If the Centre is forced to transfer many of the powers which it enjoys today to the State capitals, it will definitely weaken the Centre. We are already witnessing innumerable border disputes, river water disputes and quarrels over sharing of power as well as natural resources. Further, even democracy and freedom could be misused by opportunist politicians when the electorate remains illiterate and poverty stricken. Once we have multilingual States with an enlightened electorate and provisions have been made for decentralisation of authority from the State capital to the districts and villages, I feel we could consider what subjects or powers should be transferred from the Centre to the constituent units.
Comments: This candidate has kept himself abreast of the current events which vitally affect national interests. His grasp of the questions is very sound and his mastery of the subjects
commendable. He expresses his original views frankly and fearlessly and they are rational, objective and convincing. His eye for the details and ability to marshal his arguments according to priorities speak well of his good organising ability. He is able to get deep into the root of the problems and dig out the root causes. The solutions suggested by him are workable and pragmatic.
Fourth Member: (A Retd. General) 1 see you have had some years of NCC training. How did you like it ?
Jaiswal: It was really very interesting and useful, Sir. I thoroughly enjoyed it despite the physical exertions and the demand on my time.
Fourth Member: I am glad you liked it. However, I notice some contradictions in what you just said. You say it was physically tough and yet you enjoyed it. Can you please amplify this ?
Jaiswal: (Smiles) Well, Sir, one gets used to the physical efforts and exertions. Thereafter you look forward to the drills, parades, route marches, camps and so on. In fact, it is the same with sports also. Whether it is tennis, cricket, hockey, football, swimming, track events or other things, we have to put in a lot of physical effort and undergo rigorous training observing strict discipline in regard to food habits, late nights and so on. Finally when we play the game we enjoy it as much as the spectators. The same is the case with the NCC training also.
Fourth Member: You also said that the NCC training was useful. Can you clarify how ?
Jaiswal: First of all, there is one’s physical fitness. Second, it is the most important habit of discipline. Thirdly, the acquisition of knowledge of wielding the fire arms and the confidence and capacity to protect yourself. Then the opportunity to meet a lot of people and adapting yourself to new surroundings and situations when you get exposed to the camp life. Finally, one learns to cope up with new situations, developments and problems in an organised, systematic and competent manner.
Fourth Member: You are right. However, with your NCC background, I would have thought you would opt for the Armed Forces than for the Civil Service.
Jaiswal: (With a pleasant smile) No doubt you are right in your conclusions, Sir. But I have decided on the IAS as my career even when I joined the NCC. I felt my NCC background will help me in my tasks as an IAS officer and administrator. I will be required to work in close cooperation with the police and Army authorities and the NCC experience will be of great help in understanding their problems.
Comments: The candidate proves to be physically active and temperamentally outgoing, sociable and accommodative with his strong liking for NCC training. He also indicates his conscious decision to join the NCC in order to further his career as an IAS officer. Besides planning and organisation, it also shows that the candidate is very keen on joining the LAS.
Fifth Member: India’s approach to the Sri Lankan issue or the vote in the Human Rights Council has been described by many as a new low in its foreign policy.. What is your viewpoint with regard to it ?
Jaiswal: Sir, actually what people want to drive home to everyone is this that this time our foreign policy has shown a departure from our principled stand of not supporting country-specific resolutions, i.e. India should ignore and overrule regional sendment and refrain from interfering with the affairs of a small neighbour. But let me pour out my feelings. I think that sovereignty has never succeeded in providing a cover against genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes and crimes against humanity. To say that India does not support country-specific resolutions looks a bit bizarre and illogical. In any perceived clash between principle and national interest, it is the latter which is obviously to be given priority. For example, in 1983, when anti-Tamil riots in Colombo had escalated, India showed a lot of courage to spearhead a resolution against Sri Lanka in the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and the Protection of Minorities. India votes in favour of similar resolutions against Israel, wherever they deal with gross and systematic violations of human rights of Palestinian people in the occupied territories. India can be against the LTTE, but cannot afford to be against Tamils. The problem both among the Tamil minority in Sri Lanka and large sections of the Tamil population in India is that the LTTE successfully manipulated Tamil opinion by projecting itself as the only physical shield against Sinhala repression. The only safeguard for the Tamils in Sri Lanka is the delivery of the promised devolution based on the 13th Amendment. Having voted in favour of the resolution in March 2012, it was almost impossible for India to change its vote in March 2013, especially in the absence of any tangible steps by Sri Lanka towards reconciliation and devolution.
Comments: The candidate displays excellent knowledge of current world events and the burning problems confronted by the international community. He has studied the various problems in great depth, grasped the salient features of each issue and reveals the capacity to think and arrive at valid conclusions on such vital matters. His knowledge is extensive and he presents his ideas in a forceful and convincing manner. He argues with imagination and foresight. He is able to perceive and identify critical areas, anticipate the’ difficulties and plan action in advance to gain his objectives with success.
Sixth Member: You, as a District Collector, are asked to address a group of young social workers who would be touring the villages on the importance of family planning. Please give a brief lecture for two minutes.
Jaiswal: Sir, as you all know very well that India lives in its villages and over 76 percent of India’s 1.21 billion people live in the villages. At the time of independence, our population was 350 million. Then 90 to 95 percent lived in the villages. With the growth of industrialisation, the population moves from the land and villages to the factories and cities. Within 65 years India has become one of the most industrialised nations among the developing countries. Our economic growth rate has been significant and by no means unsubstantial. But the benefits of our economic growth are nullified because of population explosion. Population growth far outpaces the economic growth. If family planning had been successful, more people from the villages would have moved to the cities and only small percentage of the total population would have stayed in the rural areas to till the lands. Secondly, rural industry is limited in market scope. It will not be benefited by mass production and high technology. If you start a large industry, say, a steel factory in a village, soon there would be a steel city. The concept of rural industry will have to be re-examined for its validity-. With the spread of education and growing urbanisation, people become conscious of maintaining a decent lifestyle and to limit the size of the family. No matter what you earn, you will continue to be poor, unless you contain population growth. Therefore, top priority in the villages should be accorded to family planning.
Comments: The candidate reveals good grasp and understanding in the field of national and international economic aspects. He is able to put his finger on the important factors which have led to the shortfall in our industrial growth during the year of productivity. He tackles the various issues in a practical and unbiased manner highlighting the areas which need urgent attention. With his knowledge, confidence, sincerity and keenness, he demonstrates his ability to deal with complex situations in a constructive manner and achieve positive results.
Concluding Comments: Mr. Jaiswal is an able, enthusiastic and lively candidate who displays versatile knowledge and diverse interests. He is very quick on the uptake- and perceives the essentials of a problem with clarity and ease. He displays an analytical mind and an inquiring attitude which enables him to approach any problem in an objective and dispassionate manner. A well-read individual, he takes particular pains to keep himself up-to-date and well-informed on current national and international issues. He shows the moral courage and intellectual integrity to stand by his convictions and presents his original views on any matter, boldly without fear or favour. He speaks fluently and expounds his arguments in a forceful and convincing manner. This dynamic and alert candidate will prove to be a major asset to an organisation and team work. Selected with top rank rating.
The universe is made up of two classes of particles: bosons and fermions. Bosons obey Bose-Einstein statistics – a collection of them can condense together into a state where the particles are indistinguishable. This theory was developed by SN Bose and expanded by Einstein. The special state of matter, called Bose-Einstein condensate, was created in 1995. All bosons can condense into the state at very low temperatures.
There are several kinds of bosons, some elementary and other composites. A special kind of boson – called the gauge bosons – mediates or carries the forces of nature. The photons (particles of light) mediate the electromagnetic force, the W and Z bosons mediate the weak nuclear force, and the gluons carry the strong nuclear force. The hypothetical gravitation might mediate the gravitational forces but we know nothing about it. W and Z bosons, of which are all made of, are thought to get their masses through another mediator, the Higgs Boson. To find it, physicists need to observe it at its creation as it immediately decays into other particles.
How does LHC find it?
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) whirls around protons through a hollow tube and then meets them head on. The debris that flies from these collisions would include the Higgs Boson for a fraction of seconds. Two particle detectors look for attributes of these flying particles.
The data that come out of these detectors – 40 m pictures a second – are beyond what any network of computers can process.
A processor farm of 50,000 computing cores selects 300 pictures a second, enough data every second to fill three million DVDs. 10,000 computers in 34 countries analyse these data, and 10,000 physicists look at the results.
What did CERN announce?
That they have found a particle with a mass of 125 billion electron volts that exhibits the characteristics of the Higgs Boson. Which means that it is the kind of particle that, according to the Standard Model of physics, would give masses to other particles.
They do not yet know, or are not absolutely sure, that it is the Higgs Boson, officially. Unofficially, all physicists know that they have found the Higgs Boson.
What Work is Still Left to be Done?
Physicists would study this particle intensely for several years. The LHC will shut down next year for one year. When it comes back, it will crank up its energies to twice the present levels. Protons will collide more intensely, computers will crunch more data, and physicists might observe more particles.
The number of recognized classical dances of India range from eight to more, depending on the source and scholar. The Sangeet Natak Akademi recognizes eight – Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Manipuri and Mohiniyattam.
General Studies –IV – 250 Marks
