The period starting from 13th to 17th century was a phase of transition in the history of India, it is popularly known as Medieval Period of Indian History, Here we are with account of some of Important Muslim Emperors of India.
Razia Sultan (1236-1240)
Razia was the only woman ever crowned in the Delhi Sultanate. Although she made important reforms in government, she was ultimately unable to reconcile her Muslim nobility to her ruling as a woman.
Jalauddin Khilji (1296-1316)
He founded Khilji dynasty. He followed mild and generous policy. This generous policy of Sultan affected his foreign policy. He expanded the boundaries of his empire besides his achievements include suppression of the revolt of Malik Chhaju.
Alauddin Khilji (1296-1316)
He was the first Turkish Sultan of Delhi who separated religion from politics. He annexed Gujarat, Ranthambhor, Mewar, Jalor. The most important experiment undertaken by the Alauddin was the attempt to control the markets. He sought to control the prices of all the commodities, from food grains to horse, and from cattle and slaves to costly imported clothes.
Bahlol Lodhi (1451-1488)
He was one of the Afghan Sardars who established himself in Punjab after invasion of Timur. He founded the Lodhi dynasty by usurping the throne from the last of the Sayyid rulers. He was a kind and generous ruler and was always prepared for his subjects. Although he was himself illiterate, he extended his patronage to art and learning.
Sikander Lodhi (1489-1517)
Sikander Lodhi, the son of Bahlol Lodhi, succeded to the throne after him. He took interest in the development of agriculture. He introduced the Gaz-i-Sikandar of 32 digits for measuring cultivated fields.
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Ibrahim Lodhi (1517-1526)
He was the son of Sikandar Lodhi and the last king and Last Sultan of Delhi. The Afghan nobility was brave and freedom loving people but because of its fissiparous and individualistic tendencies the Afghan monarchy was weekend. At last, the governor of Punjab invited Babur to overthrow the reign of Ibrahim Lodhi. Babur accepted the offer and inflicated a crushing defeat on Ibrahim Lodhi in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526.
Babur (1526-1530)
He was the Uzbek warrior who laid the foundation of the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent and became the first Mughal Muslim Emperors. Failure to recover his father’s land caused him to turn reluctantly to South-East. After defeating Ibrahim Lodhi with the support of Punjab’s governor he turned his attention to the Rajput confederacy and defeated Mewar ruler Rana Sanga in the Battle of Khanwa. This victory secured his position in the Agra region.
More You Need to Know: About BABUR (1526-30)
Humayun (1530-1536)
After Babur’s death his son and successor Humayun ascended the throne of the Mughal Empire. Immediately after his accession, Humayun was confronted with a number of enemies such as Bahadur Shah of Gujarat and Sher Khan. Humayun’s early expedition was against Kalinjar, Jaunpur and Chunar.
Read More: HUMAYUN (1530-40 – 1555-56)
Akbar (1556-1605)
The third and the greatest ruler of the Mughal Dynasty, he succeeded Humayun at a very tender age. His empire included nearly all the Indian subcontinent north of the Godavari river and he consolidated the same using marriage alliances and diplomacy. Akbar is known to have been a liberal ruler who believed in cultural integration. He founded a new religion termed Din-e-Ilahi.
Read More: AKBAR (1556-1603)
Jehangir (1605-1627)
He was the fourth Mughal muslim Emperors of India. The most distinguished achievement of Jehangir was his victory over Mewar. He was known as a patron of art and for his grenuine sense of justice. He captured the last great Rajput fortress of Rajasthan, and two years later he took over half the kingdom of Ahmadnagar. He granted trade concessions to the British in return for their naval support against the Portuguese.
Shah Jahan (1627-1658)
Shahabuddin Muhammad Shah Jahan was the fifth Mughal muslim Emperors of India. The period of his reign was considered the golden age of Mughal architecture. After he became emperor, he exhibited modernization as a rule. During his reign the empire reached its zenith in prosperity and luxury.
Read More: SHAHJAHAN (1628-1659)
Aurangzeb (1658-1707)
He ruled for almost 50 years. His empire stretched from Kashmir in the north to Jinji in the South, and from Hindukush in the west to Chittagong in the east. His direct attention was concentrated on the affairs of North India.
Read More: Impact of Religious Policy of Aurangzeb on Mughal Empire