We have a curated list of the most noteworthy articles from all across the globe. With any subscription plan, you get access to exclusive articles that let you stay ahead of the curve.
We have a curated list of the most noteworthy articles from all across the globe. With any subscription plan, you get access to exclusive articles that let you stay ahead of the curve.
We have a curated list of the most noteworthy articles from all across the globe. With any subscription plan, you get access to exclusive articles that let you stay ahead of the curve.
We have a curated list of the most noteworthy articles from all across the globe. With any subscription plan, you get access to exclusive articles that let you stay ahead of the curve.
Maharaja Jaisingh-II crowned as King of Jaipur kingdom and sat on Amber throne.
1851
Geological Survey of India was established in Calcutta.
1868
Harishchandra Sakharam Bhatwadekar Save Dada alias, who filmed the felicitation function of Wrangler R. P. Paranjapye, was born. This film was titled as “”The Fresh Indian Regular of Cambridge University.”” He was the First Short Documentary Film Maker of Inndi
1905
Shushila Didi, great freedom fighter, was born at Datton Chuhad village, Punjab. She is remembered for her association in the revolutionary activities of Bhagat Singh.
1931
Mahatma Gandh & British viceroy Lord Irwin sign a pact referred in Indian History as “”Gandhi-Irwin Pact””, after which the civic disobedience movement was taken
1948
C. Rajagopalachari appointed the first Indian Governor General to succeed Lord Mountbatten on 21 June.
1995
India and China agree to open two new border points including Nathu La (Sikkim) to facilitate meetings between their military personnel.
1999
The indigenously-built multi-barrel rocket launcher ”Pinaka” is successfully test-fired at Chandipur-on-sea in Orissa.
The World Fair Trade Organisation (WFTO) formerly the International Fair Trade Organisation was created in 1989 and is a global association of 324 organisations in over 70 countries. Members are fair trade producer cooperatives association, export marketing companies, importers , retailers, national and regional fair trade networks and Fair Trade Support Organisations.
WFTO’s mission is to improve the livelihoods and well-being of the disadvantaged producers by linking and promoting Fair Trade Organisation and speaking out for great justice i the world.
In 2004, World Fair Trade Organisation launched a fair trade certification. The FTO mark identifies registered fair trade organisations worldwide and guarantees that the standards are being implemented regarding working conditions, wages, child labor, and the environment. The FTO mark is available to all World Fair Trade Organisation members who meet the requirements of the World Fair Trade Organisation Standards and Monitoring System.
“Fair trade is about giving marginalized producers a chance to succeed at the market place that generally excludes them and using the purchasing power of the consumer as a tool for real social and economic change.”
Fair Trade is the market-led solution to poverty which aims to use trade, not aid.
In India, Fair Trade Forum India ( FTF-I) is the representative body of World Fair Trade Organisation. Established in 2000, it has been working to sensitize the people or the consumer as a tool to strengthen the producer. A national network of 80 Fair Trade Organisations, the forum organizes workshops, lectures, talks in schools, colleges, shopping complexes using producer group case studies and documentaries to provide the soul-stirring insights. Presently these 80 small and medium organizations work with more than 3500 producer groups all over India with an outreach to almost 1 lakh farmers and artisans. FTF-I members registered a combined turnover of approximately 250 crores in the year 2010-2011. 80% of this comes from the exports to various countries.
Awareness Among Indian Consumers
Indian consumers are unaware that by choosing fair trade products they can support the development of socially and environmentally sustainable supply chains and thus improve the livelihoods of the producers and preserve the environment. As a result, despite the market potential, there is currently a low market demand for fair trade products. To counter, this Pro-Sustain campaign aimed at promoting sustainable consumption has been launched. Pro-Sustain activities are covered out across schools, universities, companies, corporate houses, exhibitions along with Fair Trade retail shops.
Despite ample production of Indian fair trade products for export, they are not readily available on domestic retail shelves. There is neither a single dedicated shop brand for fair trade products nor a way for consumers to identify the fair trade products in the mainstream outlets. As a result, fair trade products are not widely available to potential fair trade consumers. An “I Support Fair Trade” campaign has been launched in Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, Agra and is being spread across the country with the aim to increase consumption of fairly traded products.
The government has not adopted a policy of promoting a fair trade as an effective means to catalyze socially and environmentally sustainable production. Various govt. agencies are involved in the promotion of the agricultural produce, textiles, and handicrafts. Yet, because of lack of knowledge of the fair trade, using it as a tool to promote sustainable supply chains has not featured in promotional activities of the agencies like the Ministry of Textiles, Commerce, Agriculture, and MSME’s.
Policy workshops and consensus building to lobby with various govt. agencies are one of the core focus areas.
J. P. Walker, British Officer, along with 200 prisoners who were mainly from the Indian Sepoy Mutiny, sailed from Calcutta to start a new settlement in the Andaman Islands.
1939
Lala Har Dayal, revolutionary, nationalist and freedom fighter, passed away in Philadelphia.
1951
Eleven countries and 489 male and female athletes participated in the first Asian Games started at National Stadium in New Delhi.
1961
First Indian aircraft carrier naval fighter vessel ”INS. Vikrant” was commissioned in Belfast.
1996
Union Govt. decides to set up a national grid for the distribution of petroleum products.
The Candidates applying for the examination should ensure that they fulfill all the eligibility for UPSC Civil Service Exam conditions for admission into the examination.
Eligibility for UPSC Civil Service Exam
Nationality
A candidate must be either:
a citizen of India, or
a subject of Nepal, or
a subject of Bhutan, or
a Tibetan refugee who came over to India before 1st January, 1962 with the intention of permanently settling in India.
a person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Burma, Srilanka, East African countries of Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia and Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India.
Provided that a candidate belonging to categories (b), (c), (d) and (e) shall be a person in whose favour a certificate of eligibility has been issued by the Government of India.
Age Limits
A candidate must have attained the age of 21 years and must not have attained the age of 32 years on 1st August, in the year of examination.
The upper age limit prescribed above will be given more relaxation in the following cases:
Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe: upto a maximum of five years.
Other Backward Classes: upto a maximum of three years.
State of Jammu & Kashmir (Domiciled during the period from the 1st January, 1980 to 31st December, 1989): up to a maximum of five years.
Defence Services personnel : up to a maximum of five years
(disabled in operations during hostilities with any foreign country or in a disturbed area and released as a consequence thereof)
Ex-servicemen including Commissioned officers and ECOs/SSCOs who have rendered at least five years Military Service and have been released (i) on completion of assignment otherwise than by way of dismissal or discharge on account of misconduct or inefficiency, or (ii) on account of physical disability attributable to Military Service, or (iii) on invalidment: up to a maximum of five years.
ECOs/SSCOs who have completed an initial period of assignment of five years of Military Service and whose assignment has been extended beyond five years and in whose case the Ministry of Defence issues a certificate that they can apply for civil employment and that they will be released on three month’s notice on selection from the date of receipt of offer of appointment : upto a maximum of five years.
Blind, deaf-mute and Orthopaedically handicapped persons: upto a maximum of ten years.
NOTE I
Cumulative Age relaxation:
Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and the Other Backward Classes who are also covered under other clauses mentioned above will be eligible for grant of cumulative age-relaxation under both the categories.
Ex-servicemen eligibility:
The term ex-servicemen will apply to the persons who are defined as ex-servicemen in the Ex-servicemen (Re-employment in Civil Services and Posts) Rules, 1979, as amended from time to time.
The age concession will not be admissible to Ex-Servicemen and Commissioned Officers including ECOs/SSCOs, who are released on own request.
NOTE II
Date of Birth Certificate:
The date of birth accepted by the Commission is that entered in the Matriculation or Secondary School Leaving Certificate or in a certificate recognized by an Indian University as equivalent to Matriculation or in an extract from a Register of Matriculates maintained by a University, which extract must be certified by the proper authority of the University or in the Higher Secondary or an equivalent examination certificate.
No other document relating to age like horoscopes, affidavits, birth extracts from Municipal Corporation, service records and the like will be accepted.
Once the date of birth is recorded in the Commission, no change is allowed subsequently (or at any other Examination of the Commission) on any grounds whatsoever.
Educational Qualifications
The candidate must hold a degree of any of Universities incorporated by an Act of the Central or State Legislature in India or other educational institutions established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as a University Under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956, or possess an equivalent qualification.
NOTE:
Candidates who have appeared at an examination which would educationally qualify them for the UPSC examination but have not received the the results will also be eligible for admission to the Preliminary Examination. They will have to produce the proof of passing the requisite examination with their application for the Main Examination.
In exceptional cases, UPSC may treat a candidate who has not any of the foregoing qualifications as a qualified candidate, provided that he has passed examination conducted by other Institutions, which UPSC deems fit.
Candidates possessing professional and technical qualifications, recognised by Government as equivalent to professional and technical degree would also be eligible for admission to the examination.
Candidates who have passed the final professional M.B.B.S. or any other Medical Examination but have not completed their internship by the time of submission of their applications for the Civil Services (Main) Examination, will be provisionally admitted to the Examination. They will however, have to submit a copy of a certificate from the concerned authority of the University/Institution that they have passed the requisite final professional medical examination with their application . In such cases, the candidates will be required to produce original Degree or a certificate from the University/Institution at the time of their interview .
Number of attempts
The maximum number of attempts restriction is effective from the examination held in 1984. In case other eligibility conditions apply:
General candidates: six attempts.
Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe candidates: No restriction.
Other Backward Classes: seven attempts.
NOTE 1:
An attempt at a Preliminary Examination is considered an attempt at the examination.
If a candidate actually appears in any one paper in the Preliminary Examination, he is considered to have made an attempt at the examination.
Notwithstanding the disqualification/cancellation of candidature the fact of appearance of the candidate at the examination will count as an attempt.
NOTE 2: Restrictions on reapplying for the examination
A candidate who is appointed to the Indian Administrative Service or the Indian Foreign Service on the results of an earlier examination and continues to be a member of that service will not be eligible to compete at this examination.
If a candidate is appointed to the IAS/IFS after the Preliminary Examination of Civil Services Examination is over and he/she continues to be a member of that service, he/she shall not be eligible to appear in the Civil Services (Main) Examination notwithstanding his/her having qualified in the Preliminary Examination.
If a candidate is appointed to IAS/IFS after the commencement of the Civil Services (Main) Examination, but before the result thereof and continues to be a member of that service, he/she shall not be considered for appointment to any service/post on the basis of the result of this examination.
Jamshedji Nasarvanji Tata, famous industrialist and father of modern technology, was born at Navsari near Surat, Gujarat. He started cotton mills in Bombay and Nagpur and founded the Tata Iron and Steel Company, which is one of the largest integrated steel mills in the world.
1847
Alexander Graham Bell, great pioneer, inventor and professor, was born at Edinburgh, Scotland.
1859
A length of 119 miles of line was laid in the North from Allahabad to Kanpur.
1885
Congress passes Indian Appropriations Act (Indians wards of fed govt).
1924
Mustafa Kamal Attaturk abolished the caliphate and established a nationalist government and thus Khilafat Movement ended without achieving its aim.
Gandhi and Viceroy Irwin sign Delhi Pact giving Indians right to make salt if civil disobedience stops.
1939
Gandhiji commences “”fast unto death”” at Rajkot to protest state’s autocratic rule at Bombay and to secure ruler’s adherence of promise given towards reform administration, and ends it on March 7 on Viceroy’s intervention.
1943
Gandhi breaks his hunger strike after 21 days.
1967
India signed the International Space Treaty in Moscow.
